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If your mortgage is set to adjust this year, the smart move may be to let it. Today’s conforming mortgages are adjusting lower than ever before — as low as 3 percent. It may not be what you expected when you signed for your ARM several years ago.
The reason why ARMs are adjusting lower is because of how they’re made.
When conforming adjustable-rate mortgages adjust, they adjust according to a pre-determined formula. The formula is the sum of a constant and a variable. The constant is usually 2.25 percent and the variable is a daily-changing interest rate called LIBOR.
The formula looks like this:
New Mortgage Rate = LIBOR + 2.250 percent
LIBOR is an acronym for London Interbank Offered Rate. It’s an interest rate at which banks borrow money from each other. In Fall 2008, when Lehman Brothers fell and sparked a global banking fear, LIBOR spiked as the risk of inter-bank borrowing jumped.
Since then, however, LIBOR is down.
Normalcy is returning to banking and the timing couldn’t be better for Blairsville homeowners with ARMs. 15 months ago, a homeowner’s ARM may have adjusted to 6 1/2 percent. Today, that same ARM falls to just above 3.
As a strategy play, it might make sense to let your ARM adjust. Or, because fixed rates are still near 5 percent, converting that ARM to a long-term fixed-rate product might make sense, too. The decision is a balance between how low do you want your payment, and how long might you live in your home.
The longer you stay, the more it might make sense to switch to fixed-rate, even though ARM rates are so low.
If you’ve got an adjusting ARM, talk to your loan officer about your choices. Once March ends and the Fed withdraws its mortgage market support, mortgage rates may rise and the fixed-rate option may be gone.
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The mortgage lending landscape changes a lot. Rates and guidelines are in constant flux, and it creates preparedness challenges for buyers in the North Georgia Mountains that aren’t paying in cash.
The loan you get today won’t always be the loan you get tomorrow.
Because of how frequently bank rules are changing, it can be hard for laypersons to distinguish between mortgage fact and fiction of “what’s coming next”.
Recently, we saw this with respect to FHA home loans.
January 20, 2010, the FHA issued a press release with new lending guidelines. Specifically, it announced 3 changes that will be effective starting April 5, 2010:
1. Upfront mortgage insurance premiums increase from 1.75% to 2.25%
2. Allowable seller concession reduced from 6% to 3%
3. FICO scores of 580 or lower are subject to a minimum 10% downpayment
But, also in its official statement, the FHA announced it would ask Congress for permission to raise monthly mortgage insurance premiums. This is where the rumors started.
Nestled on page 348 of the Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2011, in a section titled Special Topics, there is a 1-paragraph notation that details the FHA’s petition.
1. Raise monthly premiums by roughly 0.30%, or $25 per $100,000 borrowed per month
2. Lower upfront mortgage insurance premiums by 1.25%, or $1,250 per $100,000 borrowed at closing
For now, the request is neither approved nor acknowledged by Congress. It’s merely a request. And in the event that Congress does approves it, that doesn’t mean that FHA has to stand by its initial projections.
Truth is, about the only thing we know about the future of FHA lending is that, come April 5, 2010, borrowing money is going to be tougher, and more expensive. These are the facts as we know them today.
Home buyers should plan accordingly.
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FHA home loans are federal assistance mortgages made by lenders, and backed by the government. The FHA doesn’t make loans to Georgia homeowners — it insures loans made to Georgia homeowners by federally-qualified lenders.
By all accounts, FHA home loans are surging in popularity.
- 2006, FHA insured 3.3% of all mortgages made
- Q2 2009, FHA insured 19.2% of all mortgages made
A major reason for the increase can be tied to guidelines.
As compared to its conforming mortgage cousins Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, FHA home loans have lower down payment requirements and lower credit standards. The FHA allows down payments of 3.5 percent for homes in Blue Ridge and Blairsville, GA. and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac do not, as an example.
Another reason is that FHA home loans aren’t subject to credit score fees the way that conforming mortgages are. Through Fannie or Freddie, a home buyer with a 650 FICO and 20% down is subject to 3% in risk fees. Via the FHA, the fee is zero, making FHA the better “deal”.
The FHA published its 2010 loan limits. There’s no change from 2009.
The base 2010 FHA loan limits are:
- 1-unit : $271,050
- 2-unit : $347,000
- 3-unit : $419,400
- 4-unit : $521,250
We say “base” because these loan limits don’t apply to all areas equally. Higher-cost regions get higher loan limits, based on typical home values. Homes in Los Angeles County, for example, can be FHA-insured up to $729,750 in 2010, and there are special exceptions made for Alaska and Hawaii.
The official FHA announcement included a complete, county-by-county FHA loan limit list. The first spreadsheet shows each county at or above the $729,750 maximum; the second list is everyone else.
If your home’s county is on neither list, use the “base” numbers above.
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2010 is just a few days old and already the “experts” are making predictions for the year.
Housing calls and mortgage rate predictions run the gamut:
- Home prices will fall in 2010
- Home prices will rise in 2010
- Mortgage rates will rise in 2010
- Mortgage rates will rise by a lot in 2010
Given how varied their outlooks, it’s clear that the professionals have no better view of the future than the amateurs. An expert can make an educated guess, but it’s a guess nonetheless.
Last year, Wall Streeters predicted a 25% pullback in home prices. 12 months later, we know prices didn’t fall. Wall Street also predicted higher mortgage rates for 2009. That prediction was fulfilled.
There’s a lot of talk on CNBC and elsewhere about what’s coming in 2010. Before you take those predictions to the bank, just remember that analysts do a much better job interpreting data from the past than projecting it into the future.
The only thing that’s certain right now is that mortgage rates are historically low, the government is giving tax credits to qualified buyers, and there’s a lot of good “deals” in housing. Make the most of what’s out there today because it will take 12 months for us to look back and know which predictions were right and which were wrong.
Until then, predictions are just opinions and guesses.
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Should I Consider A 15-Year Fixed Mortgage?
For today’s home buyers and homeowners that can manage the higher monthly payments, 15-year fixed rate mortgage rates look attractive as compared to comparable 30-year products.
The 15-year/30-year interest rate spread is near its 5-year high.
Despite lower rates, however, homeowners opting for a 15-year fixed mortgage should be prepared for its higher monthly payments. This is because the principal balance of a 15-year fixed is repaid in half the years as with a standard, 30-year amortizing product.
As compared to 30-year terms, 15-year products repay 3 times as much principal each month.
Versus a 30-year, 15-year fixed mortgages have a few downsides worth noting. The first is that, because 15-year mortgages are heavy on principal and light on interest, homeowners who itemize tax returns may have to claim a smaller mortgage interest tax deduction at tax time.
Another negative is that the sheer size of the payment. If you run into fiscal trouble down the road, the only way to reduce the monthly obligation is to refinance into a 30-year product and that costs money to do.
In other words, be sure you can manage the payments over the long-term before you opt for a 15-year term. If you can manage it, though, the rewards are tangible.
At today’s rates, a 15-year fixed and 30-year fixed costs $230 extra per $100,000 borrowed.
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Posted by Chad Lariscy on November 18, 2009 | Comments (0) | Tags: Conforming Loan Limits
APR is an acronym for Annual Percentage Rate. It’s a government-mandated calculation meant to simplify the comparison of mortgage options.
A loan’s APR can always be found in the top-left corner of the Federal Truth-In-Lending Disclosure.
Because APR is expressed as a percentage, many people confuse it for the loan’s interest rate. It’s not. APR represents the total cost of borrowing over the life of a loan. “Interest rate” is the basis for monthly mortgage repayments.
The main advantage of APR is that it allows an “apples-to-apples” comparison between loan products.
As an example, a 5.000 percent mortgage with origination points and fees will almost certainly have a higher APR than a 5.500 percent mortgage with zero fees. In this sense, APR can help a borrower determine which loan is least costly long-term.
However, APR is not without its shortcomings.
First, different banks includes different fees into their APR calculations. By definition, this spoils APR as a choose-between-lenders, apples-to-apples comparison method.
And, second, when calculating APR, “life of the loan” is assumed to be full-term. When a 30-year mortgage pays off in 7 years or fewer — as most of them do — APR comparisons are rendered moot.
In other words, APR is just one metric to compare mortgages — it’s not the only metric. The best way to compare your mortgage options is to review all the loan terms together and determine which is most suitable.
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A conforming mortgage is one that, quite literally, conforms to the mortgage guidelines set forth by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.
Each year, the government sets the maximum allowable loan size for a conforming mortgage, based on “typical” housing costs nationwide.
Loans in excess of this amount are typically called “jumbo”.
While home prices increased from 1980 to 2006, so did conforming loan limits. Since then, however, as home prices have dipped, the conforming loan limit has held.
Now, in 2010, for the 5th consecutive year, the government set $417,000 as the nation’s conforming mortgage loan limit.
The 2010 conforming loan limits, as released by the government, are:
- 1-unit properties : $417,000
- 2-unit properties : $533,850
- 3-unit properties : $645,300
- 4-unit properties : $801,950
But conforming loan limits don’t apply to all U.S. geographies equally. As a result of various economic stimuli since 2008, the government now considers certain regions around the country ”high-cost” areas. In these areas, conforming loan limits can range to $729,750.
There are less than 200 such areas nationwide. The complete list is published on the Fannie Mae website.
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An escrow account is a designated savings account into which funds get deposited for a specific purpose.
With respect to real estate and home loans, escrow accounts are used to pay real estate tax bills and homeowners insurance payments.
Escrow accounts are managed and disbursed by lenders.
When a homeowner “escrows” his mortgage, along with his scheduled monthly mortgage payment, he must also send an additional payment to the lender equal to 1/12 of the home’s annual real estate tax bill plus 1/12 of the annual homeowners insurance bill.
By sending a pro rata portion of the tax and insurance bill each month, the homeowner’s escrow account will always, in theory, have enough funds to make payments in full as tax bills and insurance premiums come due.
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Beginning November 17, 2009, the FHA will make it harder to qualify for its popular Streamline Refinance program.
Available exclusively to homeowners with existing FHA home loans, the streamline program is meant to help homeowners reduce mortgage payments as simply as possible.
As such, the program carries minimum eligibility requirements.
In fact, the FHA Streamline Refinance is more notable for what it doesn’t require from applicants.
- There’s no income verification
- There’s no asset verification
- There’s no employment verification
- There’s no appraisal required
The two biggest qualifiers, really, are that the homeowner meets a minimum credit score and that the new loan doesn’t exceed the original balance of the old loan.
The new program guidelines, however, are much stricter.
Effective next month, among other requirements, applicants must show evidence of employment and income, plus proof of cash required at closing.
Furthermore, homeowners can’t finance closing costs into the mortgage without a complete home appraisal. In areas of declining value, this may render refinancing with the FHA impossible.
Therefore, if you’re a homeowner with an FHA mortgage, consider contacting your loan officer before the November 17 deadline to explore your Streamline Refinance options. Mortgage rates are low and you never know for what you’ll qualify.
The worst thing you can do is to wait too long to find out. Once the deadline passes, the old guidelines will be history.
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As a reminder, Fannie Mae is rolling out new lending guidelines Tuesday, September 1, 2009.
Starting next week, being approved for a home loan could be much more difficult.
The new rules mark the first major underwriting update since April of this year. The changes are mostly geared at fraud prevention.
Among the updates:
- Stock options are no longer eligible for “reserves”
- Relocating families can’t use the “trailing” spouse’s projected income
- “Tip” income must be documented and verified
- Lenders must call employers to verify employment
- Lenders must verify tax transcripts against IRS records
But there are other changes, too. As examples:
- Owners and buyers of 2-unit homes are subject to new minimum FICOs with larger downpayment and equity requirements.
- Only 70% of stock, bond and mutual values may be used as reserves
- Only 60% of retirement assets may be used as reserves
Consider this post to be your advance warning. Not everyone that qualifies for a mortgage on Monday, August 31 will qualify on Tuesday, September 1.
Therefore, if you have a pending need for a mortgage — for either a purchase or a refinance — it’s probably best to talk with a lender as soon as possible. The deadline is based on the date of application — not the date of closing.
Read the complete Fannie Mae announcement online.
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